Table 4 Results of GLM for the 1%, 5%, and 10% expensive groups
Total cost per episode | Average cost per day | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1% (1 802) | 5% (9 139) | 10% (18 010) | 1% (1 888) | 5% (9 012) | 10% (18 420) | ||||||||
Cost change (USD) | p-value | Cost change (USD) | p-value | Cost change (USD) | p-value | Cost change (USD) | p-value | Cost change (USD) | p-value | Cost change (USD) | p-value | ||
Gender [Female] | |||||||||||||
Male | 237 | 0.85 | 336 | 0.04 | 260 | 0.00 | 24 | 0.52 | 39 | 0.01 | 36 | 0.00 | |
Age [20–29] | |||||||||||||
0–9 | − 626 | 0.06 | − 1058 | 0.00 | − 133 | 0.14 | − 144 | 0.00 | − 211 | 0.00 | |||
10–19 | 35,270 | 0.00 | 2310 | 0.00 | − 216 | 0.02 | 257 | 0.00 | 153 | 0.00 | − 90 | 0.00 | |
30–39 | − 207 | 0.91 | 719 | 0.00 | 253 | 0.02 | 102 | 0.07 | 19 | 0.38 | 13 | 0.41 | |
40–49 | 491 | 0.78 | 1096 | 0.00 | 386 | 0.00 | 97 | 0.09 | 70 | 0.00 | 31 | 0.06 | |
50–59 | 680 | 0.71 | 466 | 0.10 | 180 | 0.18 | 125 | 0.09 | − 33 | 0.18 | − 13 | 0.50 | |
60–69 | − 438 | 0.83 | 348 | 0.33 | 69 | 0.70 | 157 | 0.12 | − 88 | 0.00 | − 65 | 0.01 | |
70 + | 113 | 0.96 | 211 | 0.63 | 128 | 0.58 | 20 | 0.86 | − 66 | 0.08 | − 35 | 0.27 | |
Length of stay (LOS) [Care within 1 day] | |||||||||||||
1–7 days* | 4544 | 0.00 | 4950 | 0.00 | 973 | 0.00 | 900 | 0.00 | 1004 | 0.00 | |||
8–30 days | 17,423 | 0.00 | 23,953 | 0.00 | 24,332 | 0.00 | 822 | 0.00 | 609 | 0.00 | 724 | 0.00 | |
31–90 days | 57,198 | 0.00 | 67,098 | 0.00 | 66,698 | 0.00 | 656 | 0.01 | 536 | 0.00 | 602 | 0.00 | |
91–365 days | 148,820 | 0.00 | 156,946 | 0.00 | 152,133 | 0.00 | 827 | 0.02 | 485 | 0.00 | 482 | 0.00 | |
Number of planned consultations | − 24 | 0.12 | − 17 | 0.00 | − 6 | 0.00 | − 1 | 0.05 | − 1 | 0.00 | − 1 | 0.00 | |
First hospital visit [Not a first visit] | − 232 | 0.95 | − 33 | 0.94 | 406 | 0.02 | − 92 | 0.40 | 43 | 0.29 | 83 | 0.00 | |
Interval since last hospital episode [7–30 days] | |||||||||||||
Very short re-visit (-3 days) | 2197 | 0.21 | 2899 | 0.00 | 2126 | 0.00 | 264 | 0.00 | 326 | 0.00 | 309 | 0.00 | |
3–7 days | 1069 | 0.54 | 369 | 0.10 | 447 | 0.00 | 28 | 0.62 | 39 | 0.04 | 68 | 0.00 | |
30–90 days | 1542 | 0.40 | − 48 | 0.85 | 26 | 0.79 | − 69 | 0.27 | − 33 | 0.12 | − 3 | 0.81 | |
90 days - | 2255 | 0.25 | 101 | 0.74 | 250 | 0.06 | − 184 | 0.01 | − 14 | 0.58 | 35 | 0.05 | |
No previous history or anonymous | 3769 | 0.32 | − 399 | 0.31 | − 132 | 0.31 | − 125 | 0.20 | − 34 | 0.30 | − 16 | 0.37 | |
Admission type, N (%) [Planned] | |||||||||||||
Acute | 2782 | 0.02 | − 1075 | 0.00 | − 722 | 0.00 | − 126 | 0.03 | 70 | 0.00 | 36 | 0.07 | |
Care type, N (%) [Outpatient consultation] | |||||||||||||
Ambulatory outpatient consultation | − 685 | 0.06 | − 1343 | 0.00 | − 10 | 0.93 | − 75 | 0.04 | − 230 | 0.00 | |||
Ambulatory other services | − 1203 | 0.00 | − 1531 | 0.00 | − 50 | 0.67 | − 180 | 0.00 | − 314 | 0.00 | |||
Inpatient* | 88 | 0.94 | − 645 | 0.14 | − 927 | 0.00 | − 617 | 0.00 | − 342 | 0.00 | |||
Ambulatory inpatient | 14,667 | 0.00 | 3868 | 0.01 | 1445 | 0.04 | − 850 | 0.00 | − 537 | 0.00 | − 262 | 0.00 | |
Surgical intervention | 9094 | 0.00 | 33,089 | 0.02 | 572 | 0.32 | − 812 | 0.00 | − 512 | 0.00 | − 258 | 0.00 | |
Diagnose, N (%) [Depressive disorder] | |||||||||||||
Emotional | 454 | 0.44 | 841 | 0.00 | − 13 | 0.97 | 81 | 0.09 | 145 | 0.00 | |||
Trauma | 279 | 0.71 | 101 | 0.62 | − 407 | 0.29 | 21 | 0.73 | 24 | 0.37 | |||
Anxiety | 1918 | 0.00 | 1208 | 0.00 | 181 | 0.61 | 261 | 0.00 | 208 | 0.00 | |||
Schizophrenia | 9832 | 0.02 | 2934 | 0.00 | 2816 | 0.00 | − 269 | 0.43 | 283 | 0.00 | 413 | 0.00 | |
Other psychoses | 978 | 0.77 | 1402 | 0.02 | 1678 | 0.00 | − 72 | 0.84 | 170 | 0.00 | 252 | 0.00 | |
Bipolar | 3437 | 0.36 | 1760 | 0.01 | 1131 | 0.00 | − 229 | 0.52 | 172 | 0.00 | 158 | 0.00 | |
ADHD | − 454 | 0.61 | 344 | 0.19 | − 494 | 0.47 | − 27 | 0.71 | 53 | 0.12 | |||
Geriatric | 2107 | 0.05 | 853 | 0.01 | 1122 | 0.04 | 340 | 0.00 | 169 | 0.00 | |||
Eating disorder | 7057 | 0.31 | 3126 | 0.01 | 1522 | 0.00 | 58 | 0.89 | 233 | 0.01 | 228 | 0.00 | |
Personality disorder | 2545 | 0.70 | 1290 | 0.09 | 1394 | 0.00 | − 160 | 0.66 | 118 | 0.06 | 195 | 0.00 | |
OCD | 1501 | 0.09 | 2759 | 0.00 | 318 | 0.41 | 258 | 0.00 | 466 | 0.00 | |||
Substance abuse | 7102 | 0.04 | 1413 | 0.02 | 1160 | 0.00 | − 228 | 0.52 | 184 | 0.00 | 200 | 0.00 | |
Development disorder | − 730 | 0.67 | 1097 | 0.10 | − 1 | 1.00 | 209 | 0.03 | |||||
Stress | − 2086 | 0.56 | 1418 | 0.03 | 1744 | 0.00 | 237 | 0.50 | 433 | 0.00 | 468 | 0.00 | |
Organic disorder | 2020 | 0.83 | 5778 | 0.02 | 3514 | 0.01 | − 31 | 0.94 | 721 | 0.00 | 547 | 0.00 | |
Neuropsychiatric | 40,369 | 0.03 | 6572 | 0.05 | 4123 | 0.03 | 106 | 0.60 | 215 | 0.26 | |||
Not specified | − 337 | 0.94 | 2706 | 0.00 | 1848 | 0.00 | 73 | 0.83 | 342 | 0.00 | 308 | 0.00 | |
Anonymous | 2811 | 0.37 | 1869 | 0.00 | 1851 | 0.00 | − 79 | 0.82 | 257 | 0.00 | 314 | 0.00 | |