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Table 5 Socio-demographic predictors of treatment (multivariable Poisson regression models with dichotomous outcome among students with perceived need controlling for disorders mediated through barriers

From: Treatment rates and barriers to mental health service utilisation among university students in South Africa

 

Treatment for any 12-month condition assessed among students who perceived a need for treatment, controlling for RF

Treatment for any 12-month condition among students who perceived a need for treatment but who did NOT endorse psychological barriers

Treatment for any 12-month condition among students who perceived a need for treatment but who did NOT endorse practical barriers

Treatment for any 12-month condition among students who perceived a need for treatment but who did NOT endorse a preference to talk to family as a barrier to treatment

Treatment for any 12-month condition among students who perceived a need for treatment but who did NOT endorse a preference for handling problems on own as a barrier to treatment

Treatment for any 12-month condition among students who perceived a need for treatment but who did NOT endorse being unsure of the effectiveness of treatment as a barrier to treatment

(n = 13,210)

(n = 8486)

(n = 6521)

(n = 10,072)

(n = 7951)

(n = 10,750)

IRR

95% CI

IRR

95% CI

IRR

95% CI

IRR

95% CI

IRR

95% CI

IRR

95% CI

Age X2(4) p

71.936

p < 0.001*

25.68

p < 0.001*

9.964

p = 0.041*

65.16

p < 0.001*

20.61

p < 0.001*

73.78

p < 0.001*

17–19

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

20–22

1.1

1.00, 1.22

1.1

1.02, 1.20

1.05

0.98, 1.13

1.08

0.98, 1.18

1.07

0.99, 1.15

1.13

1.03, 1.23

23–25

1.3

1.16, 1.45

1.23

1.12, 1.35

1.18

1.09, 1.27

1.28

1.16, 1.42

1.11

1.01, 1.21

1.33

1.20, 1.48

26–30

1.33

1.18, 1.51

1.25

1.12, 1.38

1.12

1.03, 1.22

1.34

1.20, 1.50

1.16

1.06, 1.28

1.4

1.25, 1.57

31

1.66

1.46, 1.88

1.37

1.23, 1.53

1.17

1.07, 1.28

1.58

1.41, 1.78

1.31

1.19, 1.46

1.68

1.49, 1.89

Gender X2(2) p

1.834

p = 0.40

0.023

p = 0.99

1.664

p = 0.44

1.468

p = 0.48

3.7

p = 0.16

0.378

p = 0.83

Male

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Female

1.04

0.97, 1.12

1

0.94, 1.06

1.04

0.99, 1.09

1.04

0.97, 1.11

0.94

0.88, 0.99

1.02

0.95, 1.09

Other

1.15

0.95, 1.40

0.99

0.84, 1.16

1.11

1.01, 1.22

1.09

0.91, 1.31

0.95

0.82, 1.11

1.05

0.88, 1.26

Population group X2(2) p

114.12

p < 0.001*

39.4

p < 0.001*

11.74

p = 0.003*

70.61

p < 0.001*

38.05

p < 0.001*

57.73

p < 0.001*

White

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Black-other

0.72

0.66, 0.79

0.82

0.76, 0.88

0.93

0.88, 0.98

0.77

0.71, 0.84

0.86

0.81, 0.92

0.76

0.70, 0.83

Black-African

0.64

0.60, 0.69

0.77

0.74, 0.82

0.87

0.84, 0.91

0.71

0.67, 0.75

0.78

0.74, 0.82

0.74

0.69, 0.78

Student Status X2(1) p

0.184

p = 0.67

0.004

p = 0.95

0.032

p = 0.86

0.39

p = 0.53

0.014

p = 0.91

0.044

p = 0.84

Full-time degree

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Part-time degree

1.02

0.94, 1.11

1

0.93, 1.07

1.01

0.95, 1.07

1.03

0.95, 1.11

1

0.94, 1.08

1.01

0.93, 1.09

Year in school X2(1) p

6.748

p = 0.009*

1.236

p = 0.21

0.984

p = 0.32

8.04

p = 0.005*

3.328

p = 0.07

3.967

p = 0.046*

1st year

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

All other

1.12

1.05, 1.20

1.05

1.00, 1.11

1.05

1.00, 1.10

1.13

1.07, 1.20

1.09

1.03, 1.14

1.09

1.03, 1.16

Parent Education X2(4) p

22.141

p < 0.001*

6.467

p = 0.09

2.769

p = 0.43

12.75

p = 0.005*

8.327

p = 0.04*

9.94

p = 0.019*

University Graduate

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Less than secondary

0.86

0.77, 0.95

1.02

0.94, 1.11

1.01

0.94, 1.08

0.89

0.81, 0.98

0.89

0.81, 0.96

0.93

0.84, 1.02

Secondary Graduate

0.86

0.80, 0.93

0.98

0.91, 1.04

1.05

1.00, 1.10

0.91

0.85, 0.98

0.93

0.87, 0.99

0.91

0.85, 0.98

Some post-secondary education

0.86

0.80, 0.93

0.91

0.86, 0.97

0.97

0.93, 1.03

0.88

0.82, 0.94

0.92

0.86, 0.97

0.89

0.83, 0.96

Sexual orientation X2(1) p

8.118

p = 0.004

4.187

p = 0.041

1.513

p = 0.22

4.803

p = 0.03

0.909

p = 0.34

7.164

p = 0.007

Heterosexual

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Sexual minority

1.11

1.04, 1.19

1.08

1.02, 1.14

1.05

1.00, 1.10

1.09

1.02, 1.16

1.04

0.98, 1.09

1.11

1.04, 1.18

Institution type X2(4) p

43.053

p < 0.001*

13.96

p = 0.003*

4.426

p = 0.22

34.18

p = 0.028*

11.44

p = 0.01*

35.24

p < 0.001*

HWI

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

DLU

0.77

0.71, 0.84

0.87

0.81, 0.94

0.97

0.92, 1.03

0.8

0.74, 0.86

0.87

0.82, 0.93

0.79

0.73, 0.85

HDI

0.78

0.70, 0.87

0.84

0.76, 0.92

0.92

0.85, 0.99

0.8

0.72, 0.89

0.87

0.79, 0.95

0.81

0.73, 0.90

UT

0.71

0.59, 0.85

0.84

0.72, 0.98

0.83

0.73, 0.95

0.72

0.60, 0.85

0.87

0.75, 1.01

0.72

0.60, 0.85

  1. The term “White” refers to individuals who self-report that they are of European descent, while the term “Black-African” refers to those who self-report that they are of African descent and the term “Black-other” refers to those who self-identify being of ancestry other than European or Black-African
  2. Bold text indiciates a significant association (i.e p < 0.05)
  3. Bolditalics text indiciates significant associations
  4. *P < 0/05
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International Journal of Mental Health Systems

ISSN: 1752-4458