A heuristic model for collaborative practice—part 2: development of the collaborative, dialogue-based clinical practice model for community mental health and substance abuse care

Table 1 Collaborative strategies in three types of processes

Process types for collaboration	Specific collaborative strategies
Interactive-dialogic process	Maintaining human relationship Walking alongside Information sharing Seizing the present moment Taking the perspective of the other Aligning & Scaffolding
Negotiated-participatory engagement process	Feedback-informing process Putting differences to work Negotiated partnering Accommodating user participation Addressing the tension between help and control
Negotiated supportive process	Helping in context Coordinating Pulling together Advocating Availing