| Promotion | Promotion-prevention continuum | Address entire community |
| Nutrition and health care | Integrated and multidisciplinary actions |
| Housing and homelessness | Healthcare-community collaborations |
| Child abuse | |
| Negative consequences of parents’ divorce | |
| Family support | |
| Education and school-related problematic behavior | |
| Addictive substance use/dependence | |
| Personal skill development/management of stressful life events | |
| Primary prevention | Life-span continuum (Early stage-intensification of risk continuum) | |
| Universal | Brain development and anti-inflammatory neuroprotection (Phosphatidylcholine and N-acetylcysteine supplementation) | Pathophysiological mechanisms during early development |
| Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and microbiota dysbiosis (Omega-3 fatty acid, vitamin, sulforaphane, and prebiotic supplementation) | |
| Bullying and peer rejection (School-based behavioral interventions) | |
| Substance abuse | |
| Brain plasticity, structure, connectivity, and cognitive functioning (Lifetime exercise training) | |
| Selective | Parental mental illness | Poor validity of boundaries between diagnostic categories |
| Paternal age | Lack of evidence-based selective interventions |
| Maternal and obstetric complications of pregnancy | Youth with family history of severe mental illness (genetic risk) |
| Season of birth | |
| Ethnic minority | |
| Immigration status | |
| Urban environment | |
| Infections | |
| Childhood adversities, socio-financial disadvantage, maladaptive behavior (Nursing home visits, school-based interventions, home teaching) | |
| Vitamin D deficiency and malnutrition | |
| Low premorbid intelligence quotient | |
| Traumatic brain injury | |
| Heavy tobacco and cannabis use | |
| Indicated | Psychosis-risk state | Limited psychosis detection rate |
| Service engagement and liaison with secondary intervention services | Pluripotent and trans-diagnostic risk state |
| Duration of untreated illness | Multi-component symptom intervention |
| Control of symptoms and self-control of emotion and behavior (Cognitive behavioral, relaxation, mindfulness, and meditation strategies) | |
| Poor social problem solving and low quality of social support (Social skill training) | |
| Interpersonal conflict (Interpersonal psychotherapy, forgiveness programs) | |
| Loneliness and social difficulties in general (Resilience training) | |
| Secondary prevention | Collaborative care | Primary care-specialist mental health care collaborations |
| Recovery | |
| Duration of untreated illness | |
| Poor treatment response/treatment resistance | |
| Poor psycho-social well-being and functioning | |
| Comorbid substance use | |
| Burden on families | |
| Tertiary prevention | Recovery | Disease progression |
| Poor treatment response/treatment resistance | Interventions to prevent multiple relapses |
| Poor psycho-social well-being and functioning | |
| Comorbid substance use | |
| Burden on families | |
