Postpartum depressive symptoms in the context of high social adversity and reproductive health threats: a population-based study

Table 2 Socio-demographic, obstetric, and psychosocial characteristics of postpartum women in Sodo district, Ethiopia (n = 3147)

Characteristics of participants	Frequency	Percent
Age (years)
Less than 20	107	3.4
20–29	1754	55.7
30–39	1217	38.7
40 or more	69	2.2
Marital status
Not currently married	51	1.6
Married	3096	98.4
Residence
Rural	2788	88.6
Urban	359	11.4
Education attended
No formal education	2212	70.3
Primary education	802	25.5
Secondary and above	133	4.2
Occupational status
Housewife	2722	86.5
Government or private employee	351	11.2
No job or daily laborer	74	2.4
Religion
Orthodox Christian	2931	93.1
Protestant, Muslim, Catholic or other	216	6.9
Ethnicity
Gurage	2856	90.8
Amhara, oromo or other	291	9.2
Baby gender
Male	1607	51.1
Female	1540	48.9
Happy about baby gender
Yes	2871	91.2
No	276	8.8
Husband happy about baby gender
Yes	2781	88.4
No	366	11.6
Perinatal complication^a
Yes	346	11.0
No	2801	89.0
History of stillbirth
Yes	162	5.1
No	2985	94.9
History of abortion
Yes	296	9.4
No	2851	90.6
Parity of women
Primipara	504	16.0
Multipara	1393	44.3
Grand multipara	1250	39.7
Experienced hunger in the past 1 month
Yes	434	13.8
No	2713	86.2
Relative wealth
Less	800	25.4
Same	2083	66.2
Better	264	8.4
Level of social support
Poor support	569	18.1
Intermediate support	1565	49.7
Strong support	1013	32.2
Stressful event in the past 6 months
No	1621	51.5
1 stressful event	715	22.7
2 or more stressful events	811	25.8
Husband drinks too much alcohol
No	2450	77.9
Yes	697	22.1
Marital relationship
Poor	291	9.2
Good	2856	90.8
Problem drinking (≥ 3 on the FAST)
No	3121	99.2
Yes	26	0.8

FAST Fast Alcohol Screening Test
^aBleeding in pregnancy or post-partum period, prolonged labour or high blood pressure

ISSN: 1752-4458