Table 1 Overview of the terrorist attacks
Place and date of attack | Perpetrators | Mode of attack | Directly affected |
|---|---|---|---|
Oslo and Utøya island, Norway on July 22, 2011 | One terrorist with sympathies to the extreme right and a stated aim of targeting the Labor Party in an attempt to protect Norway against what he perceived to be liberal policies towards Islam He was arrested and sentenced to preventive detention for acts of terror, premediated murder, and attempted murder | • Bomb attack at the governmental quarters • Shooting spree at the Norwegian Labor Youth summer camp | • Government officials • Passers-by at governmental quarters • Youth camp participants 77 people were killed, 69 of them at the summer camp |
Paris, France on January 7–9, 2015 | A group of attackers. The attackers were shot and killed by the police, and the Al Qaeda branch in the Arabian Peninsula later claimed responsibility | • Shooting spree at satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo • Attack and hostage taking at a kosher supermarket • One other hostage situation • Two other shooting incidents | • Satirical journalists • Kosher supermarket customers • Police officers • Passers-by 18 people were killed, including 12 at the newspaper and 4 at the kosher supermarket |
Paris, France on November 13, 2015 | A group of attackers. The attackers were killed during the police operation, and responsibility for the attacks was later claimed by the Islamic State militant group | • Suicide bombing in area around a football stadium • Shootings in four different locations, predominately bars and restaurants, in central Paris • Suicide bombing at a restaurant in central Paris • Shooting/attempted suicide attack at the concert venue Bataclan | • Spectators and passers-by at the football stadium • Guests at bars/restaurants and passers-by in central Paris • Concert-goers at Bataclan 130 people were killed |
Nice, France on July 14, 2016 | One attacker who was killed by the police. His links to terrorist organizations are disputed. The Islamic State (IS) claimed responsibility for the attack | • Lorry attack | • Crowd watching fireworks in celebration of the French National day 86 people were killed |