Table 1 Descriptive characteristic of the two samples at baseline before and after PSW
Before PSW | After PSW | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NY | CA | NY | CA | |||||||
2006, N = 1237 | 2006, N = 3028 | 2006, N = 1211 | 2006, N = 2345 | |||||||
Variables | Mean | STD | Mean | STD | SMD | Mean | STD | Mean | STD | SMD |
Age | 39.16 | 14.93 | 37.68 | 14.35 | 0.101 | 38.37 | 14.75 | 38.42 | 14.06 | −0.003 |
Length of stay | 16.73 | 18.73 | 14.12 | 15.96 | 0.150 | 16.06 | 17.98 | 14.71 | 16.74 | 0.078 |
Length of stay per hospitalization | 11.72 | 13.17 | 8.52 | 8.27 | 0.291 | 11.19 | 12.24 | 8.63 | 8.49 | 0.243 |
count | % | count | % | count | % | count | % | |||
Race or ethnicity | ||||||||||
White | 966 | 79.8% | 1838 | 78.4% | 0.034 | 963 | 79.38% | 1838 | 78.38% | 0.025 |
Black | 147 | 12.1% | 148 | 6.3% | 0.202 | 98 | 8.08% | 148 | 6.31% | 0.069 |
Hispanic | 45 | 3.7% | 269 | 11.5% | −0.298 | 105 | 8.67% | 269 | 11.47% | −0.093 |
Asian or pacific Islander | 21 | 1.7% | 56 | 2.4% | −0.049 | 25 | 2.07% | 56 | 2.39% | -0.022 |
Native American | 4 | 0.3% | 2 | 0.1% | 0.045 | 2 | 0.18% | 2 | 0.09% | 0.025 |
Other | 28 | 2.31% | 32 | 1.36% | 0.071 | 20 | 1.63% | 32 | 1.36% | 0.022 |
Female | 760 | 61.4% | 1682 | 55.5% | 0.120 | 776 | 64.1% | 1484 | 63.3% | 0.017 |
Bipolar | 448 | 36.2% | 1133 | 37.4% | −0.025 | 436 | 36.0% | 882 | 37.6% | −0.033 |
Schizophrenia | 263 | 21.3% | 616 | 20.3% | 0.025 | 231 | 19.1% | 457 | 19.5% | −0.010 |
Depression | 513 | 41.5% | 1255 | 41.4% | 0.002 | 515 | 42.5% | 992 | 42.3% | 0.004 |
Asthma | 43 | 3.5% | 154 | 5.1% | −0.079 | 67 | 5.51% | 121 | 5.17% | 0.015 |
Sleep | 3 | 0.2% | 45 | 1.5% | −0.142 | 19 | 1.57% | 24 | 1.02% | 0.049 |
Thyroid | 33 | 2.7% | 106 | 3.5% | −0.046 | 39 | 3.20% | 81 | 3.46% | −0.014 |
Obesity | 28 | 2.3% | 130 | 4.3% | −0.112 | 48 | 4.00% | 92 | 3.94% | 0.003 |
Tobacco | 36 | 2.9% | 182 | 6.0% | −0.151 | 68 | 5.60% | 132 | 5.61% | 0.000 |
TBI | 1 | 0.1% | 2 | 0.1% | 0.000 | 1 | 0.11% | 2 | 0.09% | 0.006 |
Cardiac dysrhythmia | 14 | 1.1% | 15 | 0.5% | 0.067 | 9 | 0.75% | 18 | 0.75% | 0.000 |
Cancer | 3 | 0.2% | 4 | 0.1% | 0.026 | 1 | 0.11% | 2 | 0.09% | 0.006 |
Congestive heart failure | 4 | 0.3% | 4 | 0.1% | 0.045 | 3 | 0.23% | 6 | 0.25% | −0.004 |
Coronary artery disease | 15 | 1.2% | 13 | 0.4% | 0.090 | 9 | 0.76% | 19 | 0.81% | −0.006 |
Diabetes | 61 | 4.9% | 99 | 3.3% | 0.081 | 47 | 3.86% | 94 | 3.99% | −0.007 |
Hyperlipidemia | 38 | 3.1% | 112 | 3.7% | −0.033 | 43 | 3.51% | 86 | 3.66% | −0.008 |
Hypertension | 82 | 6.6% | 249 | 8.2% | −0.061 | 99 | 8.21% | 190 | 8.09% | 0.004 |
Kidney | 4 | 0.3% | 4 | 0.1% | 0.045 | 3 | 0.25% | 6 | 0.24% | 0.002 |
Liver | 2 | 0.2% | 5 | 0.2% | 0.000 | 3 | 0.28% | 5 | 0.21% | 0.014 |
Lung | 60 | 4.9% | 186 | 6.1% | −0.053 | 80 | 6.60% | 150 | 6.38% | 0.009 |
Peripheral artery disease | 1 | 0.1% | 1 | 0.0% | 0.045 | 1 | 0.06% | 1 | 0.06% | 0.000 |
Stroke | 1 | 0.1% | 3 | 0.1% | 0.000 | 1 | 0.08% | 3 | 0.11% | −0.010 |
Alcohol dependency | 113 | 9.1% | 392 | 12.9% | −0.122 | 144 | 11.88% | 292 | 12.45% | −0.017 |
Anxiety | 74 | 6.0% | 202 | 6.7% | −0.029 | 80 | 6.64% | 161 | 6.86% | −0.009 |
Dementia | 1 | 0.1% | 2 | 0.1% | 0.000 | 1 | 0.06% | 2 | 0.08% | −0.008 |
PTSD | 35 | 2.8% | 112 | 3.7% | −0.051 | 40 | 3.31% | 89 | 3.78% | −0.025 |
Substance dependency | 109 | 8.8% | 314 | 10.4% | −0.054 | 126 | 10.37% | 239 | 10.18% | 0.006 |