Table 4 Logistic regression analysis for the relationship between depress symptoms and health care utilization among Chinese older adults in 2015

Depression (no)

Yes

1.209** [1.075,1.360]

1.394*** [1.261,1.542]

1.219** [1.055,1.408]

1.399*** [1.238,1.581]

1.190⁺ [0.972,1.458]

1.369*** [1.146,1.636]

Age

1.032*** [1.026,1.038]

1.004 [0.999,1.009]

1.027*** [1.019,1.035]

1.005 [0.998,1.012]

1.040*** [1.030,1.050]

1.001 [0.993,1.010]

Education

1.0004 [0.9857,1.0152]

1.016* [1.003,1.028]

0.999 [0.979,1.019]

1.010 [0.994,1.026]

1.003 [0.981,1.026]

1.028** [1.007,1.049]

Gender (female)

Male

1.083 [0.930,1.261]

0.883⁺ [0.774,1.008]

1.134 [0.927,1.388]

0.837* [0.705,0.993]

1.003 [0.793,1.268]

0.964 [0.780,1.191]

Marital status (unmarried and others)

Married

0.934 [0.798,1.092]

0.995 [0.862,1.149]

0.788* [0.649,0.956]

1.002 [0.837,1.199]

1.250 [0.954,1.636]

0.955 [0.749,1.217]

Hukou status (non-agricultural hukou)

Agricultural hukou

0.823* [0.709,0.955]

0.979 [0.858,1.117]

0.842 [0.626,1.133]

0.762* [0.594,0.979]

0.819* [0.684,0.982]

1.091 [0.929,1.281]

Smoking history (no)

Yes

0.909 [0.786,1.053]

0.909 [0.800,1.033]

0.845⁺ [0.698,1.023]

0.894 [0.759,1.052]

1.013 [0.807,1.272]

0.926 [0.753,1.139]

Medical insurance (no)

Yes

1.260 [0.924,1.718]

1.157 [0.896,1.493]

1.219 [0.819,1.812]

1.072 [0.781,1.472]

1.295 [0.788,2.130]

1.327 [0.861,2.045]

Self-report health (good)

Fair

1.384*** [1.193,1.606]

1.389*** [1.230,1.568]

1.458*** [1.189,1.788]

1.264** [1.082,1.476]

1.303* [1.047,1.622]

1.605*** [1.320,1.952]

Poor

2.343*** [1.986,2.765]

1.905*** [1.655,2.192]

2.416*** [1.940,3.008]

1.633*** [1.370,1.946]

2.267*** [1.751,2.937]

2.472*** [1.951,3.133]

Chronic (No)

Yes

1.982*** [1.718,2.287]

1.725*** [1.542,1.931]

2.115*** [1.751,2.555]

1.828*** [1.584,2.110]

1.807*** [1.450,2.251]

1.579*** [1.315,1.897]

Current living place (rural)

Urban

1.128⁺ [0.999,1.274]

0.945 [0.851,1.049]

Region (east)

Central

1.101 [0.967,1.254]

1.148* [1.029,1.280]

1.090 [0.919,1.293]

1.216** [1.057,1.399]

1.125 [0.920,1.376]

1.060 [0.890,1.264]

West

1.264*** [1.125,1.421]

1.148** [1.039,1.269]

1.241** [1.066,1.444]

1.259*** [1.108,1.430]

1.296** [1.077,1.560]

0.979 [0.829,1.156]

Income

1.038 [0.986,1.091]

1.070** [1.024,1.119]

1.044 [0.979,1.113]

1.063* [1.006,1.123]

1.024 [0.942,1.112]

1.078⁺ [1.000,1.163]

Constant

0.006*** [0.003,0.012]

0.056*** [0.032,0.095]

0.009*** [0.004,0.022]

0.075*** [0.037,0.152]

0.004*** [0.001,0.010]

0.045*** [0.019,0.107]

R2

0.056

0.033

0.057

0.035

0.055

0.034

N

13,551

13,551

8500

8500

5051

5051