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Table 2 Comparison of depressive symptoms and socio-demographic characteristics by inpatient and outpatient care utilization in 2013 (N = 13,551)

From: Depressive symptoms and health service utilization among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a national population-based longitudinal survey

Variables

Inpatient

Outpatient

No

Yes

P-value

No

Yes

P-value

Gender

  

0.236

  

 < 0.000

Male

6103 (87.25)

892 (12.75)

 

5237 (74.87)

1758 (25.13)

 

Female

5764 (87.92)

792 (12.08)

 

5296 (80.78)

1260 (19.22)

 

Marital status

  

0.011

  

0.001

Unmarried

1178 (85.42)

201 (14.58)

 

1022 (74.11)

357 (25.89)

 

Married

10,689 (87.82)

1483 (12.18)

 

9511 (78.14)

2661 (21.86)

 

Hukou status

  

0.004

  

0.445

Non-agricultural hukou

2373 (85.95)

388 (14.05)

 

2161 (78.27)

600 (21.73)

 

Agricultural hukou

9494 (87.99)

1296 (12.01)

 

8372 (77.59)

2418 (22.41)

 

Smoking history

  

0.377

  

 < 0.000

No

6559 (87.35)

950 (12.65)

 

5673 (75.55)

1836 (24.45)

 

Yes

5308 (87.85)

734 (12.15)

 

4860 (80.44)

1182 (19.56)

 

Medical insurance

  

 < 0.000

  

0.045

No

410 (92.97)

31 (7.03)

 

360 (81.63)

81 (18.37)

 

Yes

11,457 (87.39)

1653 (12.61)

 

10,173 (77.60)

2937 (22.40)

 

Self-report health

  

 < 0.000

  

 < 0.000

Good

2992 (94.03)

190 (5.97)

 

2849 (89.53)

333 (10.47)

 

Fair

6485 (90.12)

711 (9.88)

 

5720 (79.49)

1476 (20.51)

 

Poor

2390 (75.32)

783 (24.68)

 

1964 (61.90)

1209 (38.10)

 

Chronic disease

  

 < 0.000

  

 < 0.000

No

3605 (95.54)

208 (5.46)

 

3374 (88.49)

439 (11.51)

 

Yes

8262 (84.84)

1476 (15.16)

 

7159 (73.52)

2579 (26.48)

 

Current living place

  

0.006

  

0.703

Rural

7495 (88.18)

1005 (11.82)

 

6598 (77.62)

1902 (22.38)

 

Urban

4372 (86.56)

679 (13.44)

 

3935 (77.91)

1116 (22.09)

 

Region

  

 < 0.000

  

 < 0.000

East

4729 (90.32)

507 (9.68)

 

4250 (81.17)

986 (18.83)

 

Central

2983 (86.56)

463 (13.44)

 

2624 (76.15)

822 (23.85)

 

West

4155 (85.34)

714 (14.66)

 

3659 (75.15)

1210 (24.85)

 

Depression

  

 < 0.000

  

 < 0.000

No

9277 (89.60)

978 (10.40)

 

8380 (80.93)

1974 (19.07)

 

Yes

3072 (81.01)

706 (18.99)

 

2153 (67.34)

1044 (32.66)

 

Variable

Mean (Standard Deviation)

Mean (Standard Deviation)

 

Mean (Standard Deviation)

Mean (Standard Deviation)

 

Age

59.00 (9.07)

61.40 (9.39)

 < 0.000

59.14 (9.09)

59.84 (9.29)

 < 0.000

Education (years)

5.44 (4.16)

5.10 (4.10)

0.002

5.48 (4.15)

5.11 (4.17)

 < 0.000

Income

4.29 (1.04)

4.31 (1.02)

0.400

4.28 (1.04)

4.35 (1.04)

 < 0.001