Table 1 Outcome space of participants’ conceptions of practice in staff prevention and management of staff-directed aggression and violence
Descriptive categories | Referential aspect | Structural aspect |
|---|---|---|
1. Observation, alertness and awareness | Safeguarding under unpredictable and threatening circumstances, limited resources and staff disempowerment | Practice as protection |
2. Established understanding and knowledge of service users | Adaptation to and restriction of tenant’s propensities for violence and aggression | Staff as knowledgeable and expedient authorities |
3. Team-based risk management and deliberation | Developing solutions and strategies for management of risk in the workplace collective | Staff’s aggregate experience and knowledge as a basis for practice |
4. Adaption of own dispositions and behaviors | Self-awareness and self-regulation are required in addressing situations involving staff-directed aggression | Using oneself to build non-violent relationships and interacting responsively with tenants |
5. Reflexivity, sensitivity and care | Meeting aggression with self-critical and empathic consideration and respect towards the other | Practice attentive of tenant’s needs in the situation, experiences of disempowerment and providing reflexive care |
6. Involvement and dialogue | Involving tenants in increasing understanding of aggression and in developing preventive and management measures | Tenants and staff as equal partners in the helping relationship |