Table 1 Epidemiological study of child and adolescent mental health problems in Nepal
From: Child and adolescent mental health problems in Nepal: a scoping review
Study | Study design | Diagnostic tool | Study sample | Sample size (n) | Age range | Prevalence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acharya et al. [23] | Cross-sectional study | Trauma exposure questionnaire and Child PTSD scale (CPSS) | Community-base sample | 800 | 7–16 | PTSD-51% among school-aged children in Kathmandu district |
Kohrt et al. [24] | Cohort study | Depression Self Rating Scale SCARED-5 Child PTSD symptom scale (CPSS) Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire Function Impairment tool | Former child solider vs Community-base sample | Case 141 former child soldiers, 141 never conscripted children | Not available | 53.2% of child soldiers had depression, anxiety-46.1%, PTSD symptoms-55.3%, Psychological difficulties-39%, and function impairment-62.4% Child soldiers had greater odds of meeting cutoff for depression (OR = 3.56, 95% CI 2.33–5.43), PTSD, Psychological difficulties (OR = 2.91, 95% CI 1.53–5.51), and function impairment (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.41–2.96) |
Ojha et al. [25] | Cross-sectional study | Child Behaviour Checklist 6.18 | Homeless children | 126 | 6–18 | Emotional and behavioural problem-28.6% Conduct problem was most common among male children 8.77%, followed by ODD 5.26%, ADHD 3.5%, Anxiety 3.50% Anxiety was most common in female children 13.04%, followed by depression 7.24%, conduct 4.34% |
Heys et al. [26] | Cross sectional | Autism Quotient-10 translated version in Nepali | General Population | 4098 | 10–13 | 14 out of 4098 children scored greater than 6 out of 10, indicative of autistic symptomatology Estimated true prevalence of Autism is 3 in per 1000 (95% CI 2–5 in 1000) |
Silwal et al. [27] | Cross-sectional study | Child Posttraumatic-Stress Disorder Scale (CPSS) Depression Self Rating Scale (DSRS) | School-based sample | 893 | 11–17 | The prevalence of PTSS in the Sindhupalchok and Kathmandu districts were 39.5% and 10.7%, and depression symptoms were 40.4% and 23.2% respectively |
Timalsina et al. [28] | Cross-sectional study | Paediatric Symptoms Checklist (Y-PSC) | School-based sample | 287 | 12–19 | 12.09% of the adolescent had psychosocial problems While categorizing the psychosocial problems, Internalizing problems (44.6%), ADHD (25.8%) and externalizing problems (4.2%) |
Bista et al. [29] | Cross-sectional study | Paediatric Symptoms Checklist (Y-PSC) | School-based sample | 787 | 11–19 | 17.03% of adolescent had psychosocial dysfunction |