Table 2 Perceived impact of contextual factors on sense of wellbeing using Mann–Whitney test (n = 148)
Contextual factors | Self-perceived negative impacta Median (inter-quartile range) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
All | Male | Female | p value | |
Interpersonal factors | ||||
 Physical abuse | 1 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 5) | 0 (0, 1) | 0.054 |
 Bullying | 1 (0, 4) | 1 (0, 4) | 1 (0, 4) | 0.66 |
 Feeling judged | 4 (1, 6) | 3 (1, 5) | 4 (1, 6) | 0.87 |
 Conflict with non-family members | 2 (1, 4) | 2 (0, 4) | 3 (1, 4) | 0.71 |
Family factors | ||||
 Meeting family members’ expectations | 4 (2, 5) | 3.5 (1, 5) | 4 (2, 5) | 0.17 |
 Fulfilling family obligations | 2 (1, 5) | 1 (0, 3.8) | 3 (1, 5) | 0.04 |
 Family conflict | 4 (1, 5) | 3 (1, 4.8) | 4 (2, 6) | 0.02 |
Social factors | ||||
 Social exclusion | 4 (1, 5) | 4 (3, 6) | 4 (1, 5) | 0.07 |
 Discrimination (race, ethnicity, gender) | 1 (0, 4) | 1 (0, 4.8) | 1 (0, 4 | 0.85 |
 Gender identity/sexual orientation | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 3) | 0 (0, 1) | 0.44 |
Socioeconomic factors | ||||
 Paying tuition fees | 4 (2, 5) | 4 (2, 5) | 4 (2, 5) | 0.94 |
 Limited access to housing and food | 0 (0, 3) | 0 (0, 4) | 0 (0, 2) | 0.78 |
 Limited access to health services | 1 (0, 4) | 0 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 4) | 0.12 |
 Commute to school or work | 2 (1, 5) | 1 (0, 2.8) | 3 (1, 5) | 0.004 |
 Working conditions | 0 (0,3) | 0 (0, 4) | 0 (0, 2) | 0.28 |
 Finding desired employment | 5 (2, 6) | 4 (3, 6) | 5 (2, 6) | 0.64 |
Political factors | ||||
 Local news and events | 1 (0, 3) | 1 (0, 3.8) | 1 (0, 3) | 0.78 |
 National and global news and events | 3 (1, 4) | 3 (1, 4) | 2 (1, 4) | 0.57 |
Grade-point-average, GPA | 4 (3, 6) | 4 (3, 6) | 4 (3, 5) | 0.84 |