Table 1 Demographic characteristics by gender and current smoking status among psychiatric patients (N = 1193)
|  | Overall (N = 1193) | Current smoking in males (N = 624) | Current smoking in females (N = 569) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No (N = 260) | Yes (N = 364) | p value | No (N = 531) | Yes (N = 38) | p value | ||
Age (years) | |||||||
 Mean ± SD | 38.0 ± 13.0 | 37.1 ± 14.0 | 37.8 ± 11.2 | 0.516 | 38.7 ± 13.8 | 36.5 ± 9.9 | 0.331 |
 < 40 | 708 (59.6%) | 163 (41.5%) | 230 (58.5%) | 0.081 | 293 (93.0%) | 22 (7.0%) | 0.329 |
 40–60 | 420 (35.4%) | 76 (38.4%) | 122 (61.6%) |  | 207 (93.2%) | 15 (6.8%) |  |
 > 60 | 60 (5.1%) | 18 (60.0%) | 12 (40.0%) |  | 30 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |  |
Marital status | |||||||
 Married | 524 (45.7%) | 107 (49.8%) | 108 (50.2%) | < 0.001 | 293 (94.8%) | 16 (5.2%) | 0.359 |
 Single | 504 (44.0%) | 125 (37.5%) | 208 (62.5%) |  | 157 (91.8%) | 14 (8.2%) |  |
 Divorced | 106 (9.2%) | 8 (19.0%) | 34 (81.0%) |  | 58 (90.6%) | 6 (9.4%) |  |
 Widowed | 12 (1.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |  | 12 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |  |
Number of children | 3.5 ± 3.2 | 3.9 ± 3.6 | 3.3 ± 2.9 | 0.180 | 3.5 ± 3.2 | 2.9 ± 3.1 | 0.374 |
Educational level | |||||||
 Illiterate | 251 (21.5%) | 45 (55.6%) | 36 (44.4%) | < 0.001 | 165 (97.1%) | 5 (2.9%) | 0.010 |
 Secondary or less | 766 (65.6%) | 161 (35.8%) | 289 (64.2%) |  | 287 (90.8%) | 29 (9.2%) |  |
 University/other | 151 (12.9%) | 46 (61.3%) | 29 (38.7%) |  | 74 (97.4%) | 2 (2.6%) |  |
Working status | |||||||
 Not working | 832 (71.2%) | 151 (42.5%) | 204 (57.5%) | 0.492 | 450 (94.3%) | 27 (5.7%) | 0.301 |
 Working | 336 (28.8%) | 103 (39.8%) | 156 (60.2%) |  | 70 (90.9%) | 7 (9.1%) |  |
Family income (SR) | |||||||
 ≤ 3000 | 344 (29.8%) | 73 (38.2%) | 118 (61.8%) | 0.009 | 143 (93.5%) | 10 (6.5%) | 0.695 |
 3001–6000 | 372 (32.2%) | 72 (35.5%) | 131 (64.5%) |  | 161 (95.3%) | 8 (4.7%) |  |
 6001–9000 | 241 (20.8%) | 53 (44.2%) | 67 (55.8%) |  | 112 (92.6%) | 9 (7.4%) |  |
 > 9000 | 199 (17.2%) | 48 (55.8%) | 38 (44.2%) |  | 104 (92.0%) | 9 (8.0%) |  |
Residential type | |||||||
 City | 955 (80.4%) | 225 (43.1%) | 297 (56.9%) | 0.004 | 403 (93.1%) | 30 (6.9%) | 0.411 |
 Village | 206 (17.3%) | 29 (30.9%) | 65 (69.1%) |  | 106 (94.6%) | 6 (5.4%) |  |
 Desert | 27 (2.3%) | 6 (85.7%) | 1 (14.3%) |  | 20 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |  |
Body mass index (BMI) | |||||||
 Mean ± SD | 28.7 ± 7.7 | 28.4 ± 6.5 | 27.4 ± 7.1 | 0.096 | 29.8 ± 8.4 | 29.3 ± 8.2 | 0.738 |
 Non-obese | 719 (62.1%) | 161 (38.0%) | 263 (62.0%) | 0.010 | 273 (92.5%) | 22 (7.5%) | 0.218 |
 Obese | 438 (37.9%) | 94 (49.0%) | 98 (51.0%) |  | 234 (95.1%) | 12 (4.9%) |  |
Physical activity | |||||||
 Active | 149 (12.7%) | 40 (42.1%) | 55 (57.9%) | 0.920 | 46 (85.2%) | 8 (14.8%) | 0.017 |
 Not active | 1028 (87.3%) | 214 (41.6%) | 301 (58.4%) |  | 484 (94.3%) | 29 (5.7%) |  |