Table 4 Participants’ mental health literacy levels

Knowledge related to PTSD

 Problem recognised as ‘PTSD’ (%)^a

56.900

76.500

75.1

–

3.540 *

–

3.220*

 Problem recognised as ‘anxiety’ (%)^a

15.600

33.700

18.8

–

2.940*

–

1.250

 Problem recognised as a ‘general mental health problem’ (%)^a

72.300

96.300

80.2

–

11.970***

–

1.730

 Knowledge of helpfulness of interventions (mean, SD)

5.930 (2.140)

7.500 (1.730)

6.47 (2.23)

0.800***

–

0.240

–

 Social Distance Scale (mean, SD)

10.050 (3.590)

9.330 (3.160)

8.56 (3.01)

0.210**

–

0.440***

–

 Stigma (mean, SD):

  Weak-not-sick subscale

6.820 (.980)

5.990 (2.490)

5.95 (2.78)

0.430***

–

0.480

–

  Dangerous/unpredictable subscale

11.220 (3.000)

9.730 (3.130)

9.99 (3.06)

0.480***

–

0.400

–

 Offer help (mean, SD):

5.880 (1.780)

5.900 (2.020)

6.15 (1.84)

0.010

–

0.140

–

 Confidence helping (mean, SD):

3.140 (1.230)

3.940 (0.940)

3.75 (1.05)

0.730***

–

0.530***

–

 Helping intentions mean, SD)^b

3.650 (1.620)

4.800 (2.260)

4.18 (1.78)

0.590***

–

0.310

–

Knowledge related to depression

 Problem recognised as ‘depression’ (%)^a

28.400

39.50

45.100

–

1.730

–

2.080

 Problem recognised as a ‘general mental health problem’ (%)^a

79.700

98.80

95.600

–

18.990**

–

1.040

 Knowledge of helpfulness of interventions (mean, SD)

8.170 (2.970)

10.79 (2.22)

9.310 (3.000)

0.990***

–

0.380**

–

 Social Distance Scale (mean, SD)

9.360 (3.190)

9.32 (3.18)

8.220 (3.110)

0.010

–

0.360**

–

 Stigma—depression vignette (mean, SD)

  Weak-not-sick subscale

6.690 (2.850)

6.14 (2.47)

6.220 (2.760)

0.200*

–

0.160

–

  Dangerous/unpredictable subscale

9.480 (3.260)

9.220 (2.910)

9.460 (3.320)

0.080

–

0.000

–

 Offer help (mean, SD):

5.880 (1.780)

5.900 (2.020)

6.150 (1.840)

0.010

–

0.140

–

 Confidence helping (mean, SD)

3.370 (1.040)

4.110 (.770)

3.640 (.880)

0.800***

–

0.280**

–

 Helping intentions (mean, SD)^b

3.390 (1.590)

5 (2.360)

3.470 (1.910)

0.800***

–

0.040

–

General mental health knowledge

 Mental Health First Aid knowledge quiz (mean, SD)

10.020 (2.200)

12.030 (2.050)

8.980 (2.110)

0.940***

–

− 0.840 ***

–

Helping behaviors towards an Iraqi refugees with mental health problems

(n = 16)

(n = 16)

 ALGEE total score (mean, SD)^b

3.250 (1.160)

–

3.450 (1.950)

–

–

0.120

–