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Table 2 Socio-demographic, clinical and treatment profiles of all ATAPS and headspace clients, and those with pre- and post-treatment outcomes, July 2009 to June 2012

From: Complementary primary mental health programs for young people in Australia: Access to Allied Psychological Services (ATAPS) and headspace

  All ATAPS (N = 20,156) ATAPS with pre- and post treatment outcomes (N = 1303) All headspace (N = 17,337) headspace with pre- and post treatment outcomes (N = 1326) Difference between all ATAPS and all headspace
Percent difference (95% CI) p value
n % n % n % n %
Socio-demographic characteristics
 Gender
  Male 6250 31.0 363 27.9 6741 38.9 530 40.0 −7.9 (−6.9 to −8.9) <0.0001
  Female 13,906 69.0 940 72.1 10,596 61.1 796 60.0 7.9 (6.9 to 8.9) <0.0001
 Age (years)
  12–14 2801 13.9 149 11.4 3356 19.4 295 22.2 −5.5 (−4.7 to −6.3) <0.0001
  15–17 4657 23.1 319 24.5 6406 36.9 509 38.4 −13.8 (−12.9 to −14.7) <0.0001
  18–21 6584 32.7 422 32.4 5034 29.0 347 26.2 3.7 (2.8 to 4.6) <0.0001
  22–25 6114 30.3 413 31.7 2541 14.7 175 13.2 15.6 (14.8 to 16.4) <0.0001
 Indigeneity
  Indigenous 941 4.7 41 3.1 885 5.1 49 3.7 −0.04 (−0.004 to −0.08) 0.0732
  Not indigenous 15,842 78.6 1135 87.1 14,213 82.0 1158 87.3 −3.4 (−2.6 to −4.2) <0.0001
  Unknown 3373 16.7 127 9.7 2239 12.9 119 9.0 3.8 (3.1 to 4.5) <0.0001
 Remoteness area
  Major city 10,190 50.6 795 61.0 10,683 61.6 831 62.7 −11.0 (−10.0 to −12.0) <0.0001
  Inner regional 5265 26.1 371 28.5 4075 23.5 385 29.0 2.6 (1.7 to 3.5) <0.0001
  Outer regional/remote/very remote 3391 16.8 99 7.6 2506 14.5 108 8.1 2.3 (1.6 to 3.0) <0.0001
  Unknown 1260 6.3 38 2.9 73 0.4 2 .2 5.9 (5.5 to 6.2) <0.0001
 Incomea
  Low income 13,435 66.7 908 69.7 3936 22.7 291 21.9 44.0 (43.1 to 45.0) <0.0001
  Not low income 2514 12.5 203 15.6 8667 50.0 721 54.4 −37.5 (−36.6 to −38.4) <0.0001
  Unknown 4207 20.9 192 14.7 3111 17.9 265 20.0 3.0 (2.2 to 3.8) <0.0001
Clinical characteristics
 Previous history of mental health care
  No previous history of mental health care 8822 43.8 589 45.2 1689 9.7 244 18.4 34.1 (33.3 to 35.0) <0.0001
  Previous history of mental health care 6833 33.9 506 38.8 1481 8.5 202 15.2 25.4 (24.6 to 26.2) <0.0001
  Unknown 4501 22.3 208 16.0 14167 81.7 880 66.4 −59.4 (−58.6 to −60.4) <0.0001
 Pre-treatment K-10
  Low (10–15) 248 1.2 62 4.8 733 4.2 90 6.8 −3.0 (−2.7 to −3.3) <0.0001
  Moderate (16–21) 590 2.9 119 9.1 1279 7.4 187 14.1 −4.5 (−4.0 to −5.0) <0.0001
  High (22–29) 1790 8.9 411 31.5 2365 13.6 411 31.0 −4.7 (−4.1 to −5.3) <0.0001
  Very high (30–50) 3497 17.3 711 54.6 3858 22.3 638 48.1 −5.0 (−4.2 to −5.8) <0.0001
  Unknown 14,031 69.6 – – 9102 52.5 – – 17.1 (16.1 to 18.1) <0.0001
Treatment profile
 Number of psychological sessions
  2–3 6370 31.6 136 10.4 6584 38.0 258 19.5 −6.4 (−5.4 to −7.4) <0.0001
  4–5 4713 23.4 202 15.5 3669 21.2 244 18.4 2.2 (1.4 to 3.0) <0.0001
  6 4455 22.1 461 35.4 1313 7.6 150 11.3 14.5 (13.8 to 15.2) <0.0001
  7–12 3876 19.2 414 31.8 3660 21.1 418 31.5 −1.9 (−1.1 to −2.7) <0.0001
  13–18 742 3.7 90 6.9 2111 12.2 256 19.3 −8.5 (−7.9 to −9.0) <0.0001
 Treatment received
  Received CBT in at least one sessionb 13525 67.1 981 75.3 10,110 58.3 1045 78.8 8.8 (7.8 to 9.7) <0.0001
  1. ATAPS Access to Allied Psychological Services, CBT cognitive behavioural therapy
  2. aLow income is determined according to GP judgement in ATAPS and by being in receipt of a government benefit in headspace
  3. bIncludes behavioural interventions and/or cognitive interventions, with or without diagnostic assessment, psycho-education, relaxation strategies, skills training and/or interpersonal therapy
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