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Table 1 Examples of evidence-based interventions relating to the health care delivery platform by various delivery channels

From: Closing the treatment gap for mental, neurological and substance use disorders by strengthening existing health care platforms: strategies for delivery and integration of evidence-based interventions

Delivery channel

Promotion and primary prevention

Identification and case detection

Treatment, care, and rehabilitation

Self-care and informal health care

Adoption of a healthy lifestyle, including diet and physical activity relaxation training

Self-monitoring of high risk behaviors, such as substance abuse

Self-detection of depression and anxiety disorders

Web-based psychological therapy for depression and anxiety disorders

Self-managed treatment of migraine

Self-identification and management of seizure triggers

Improving adherence to anti-epileptic treatment by intensive reminders and implementation intention interventions

Primary health care

Parent skills training for internalizing and externalizing problems in child and parental mental health

Screening for developmental delays in children

Screening and brief interventions for alcohol use disorders by trained primary health care staff

Community-based case finding of psychosis and severe depression

Diagnosis of depression, anxiety disorders, maternal depression, alcohol use disorders, dementia, headaches, and epilepsy

Management—pharmacological and psychosocial interventions—of depression, anxiety, psychosis, bipolar disorder, alcohol use disorders, epilepsy, dementia, and drug use based on mhGAP Intervention Guidelines

Psychological treatment for depression, anxiety, ADHD, disruptive behaviour disorders in children

Cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions for depression and anxiety disorders in adults and mothers in perinatal period

Management of alcohol withdrawal in conjunction with motivational interviewing and motivation enhancement involving family and friends

Interventions for caregivers of patients with psychosis and dementia

Improve quality of antenatal and perinatal care to reduce risk factors associated with intellectual disability

Primary healthcare packages for underlying MNS disorders (for suicide and self-harm)

Planned follow-up and monitoring of suicide attempters

Emergency management of poisoning

Specialist health care

 

Diagnosis of complex childhood mental disorders

Diagnosis of severe psychosis and depression

Diagnosis of secondary causes of headache

Screening of new-born babies for modifiable risk factors for intellectual disability

Electroconvulsive therapy for severe refractory depression

Surgical interventions for refractory epilepsy

Pharmacological management of dementia (cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine)

Methadone maintenance therapy for opioid dependence, buprenorphine as opioid substitution therapy

Management of refractory psychosis using clozapine

Management of severe alcohol dependence (along with withdrawal)

Management of severe maternal depression using antidepressants

Stimulant medication for severe cases of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Cognitive behavioral therapy based interventions and anger control training for adolescents with disruptive behavioral disorders