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Table 1 Demographic, pasung and clinical features

From: Aceh Free Pasung: Releasing the mentally ill from physical restraint

 

Number/years

Percent/range

Sex

  

   Male

52

88.1%

   Female

7

11.9%

Age: mean (range) years

34.9 years

18-68 years

   Education

  

   No formal education

3

5.1%

   Attended primary school

29

49.2%

   Attended junior high school

15

25.4%

   Attended senior high school

12

20.3%

Pasung initiated by family

51

86.4%

Violence/dangerousness given as main reason for pasung

47

79.7%

Duration of pasung: mean (range)

4.0 years

<1-20 years

Duration of illness: mean (range)

11.3 years

1-38 years

Mode of referral to hospital

  

   Brought to hospital by family

21

35.6%

   Referred by community mental health nurses inprimary health centre

17

28.8%

   Hospital Free Aceh Pasung team

20

33.9%

   Referred by police

1

1.7%

Diagnosis of schizophrenia

 

89.8%

   Schizophrenia, paranoid

53

89.8%

   Schizophrenia, undifferentiated

3

5.1%

   Schizoaffective Disorder

1

1.7%

   Bipolar Affective Disorder

1

1.7%

   Cannabis-induced Psychotic Disorder

1

1.7%

Previous psychiatric treatment

47

79.7%

   Payment of hospital treatment costs

  

   Jaminan Kesehatan Aceh/Aceh Health Insurance

24

40.7%

   Jamkesmas (Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat/Community Health Security

34

57.6%

   "Poor identification letter"

1

1.7%