Disasters | Causal Conditions | X | Ecological context | → | Intervening Conditions | → | Coping strategies | → | Consequences |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Man Made- War | Displacements | Social chaos, uprooting | Insecurity | Silence, Withdrawal, isolation, Benumbing | Dependency, learned helplessness, passivity | ||||
Natural- Tsunami | Separations | Breakdown of social structures and institutions | Terror | Suspicion | Distrust, mistrust, paranoia | ||||
 | Massive destruction | Unemployment, poverty | Impunity, social injustice | 'Fight, flight or freeze', Survival, escape, Suicide | Despair, disbelief, amotivation, hopelessness | ||||
 | Multiple deaths | Starvation, hunger, malnutrition | Breakdown of law and order |  |  | Loss of communality, decrease in social cohesion, tearing of social fabric, Loss of social capital | |||
 | Injuries | Lack of medical care, diseases, epidemics | Inequity, discrimination | Cultural practices, rituals | Adaptive changes in memory, reframing, meaning, realism | ||||
 | Cultural & social bereavements | 'Repressive ecology', violence, torture, abductions, detentions, disappearances, extrajudicial killings, | Helplessness, hopelessness | Adaptation, facing the challenge, problem solving | Resilience, forbearance, new networks, friendship, relationships, hope | ||||
 | Losses |  |  | Rumours, disinformation |  |  | Regeneration, development, progress |