Table 1 The components of the EVM framework [32]
Components | Definitions |
|---|---|
1. Language | The process of linguistic adaptation, translation and appropriate culturally syntonic language. |
2. Persons | The influence of the culture group’s characteristics on therapy relationships between therapist and clients. |
3. Metaphors | Symbols and images shared with the population’s culture which make them feel comfortable. Using language metaphors to reduce resistance and increase motivation. |
4. Content | Cultural knowledge of values and traditions influence the therapeutic goal. |
5. Concepts | Treatment concepts consonant with culture and context: dependences vs. independences |
6. Goals | Treatment goals are framed in keeping with the culture’s values, customs, and traditions. |
7. Methods | Methods or procedures for accomplishing objectives are aligned with the culture. |
8. Context | The social, economic, and political environment and how changes in these domains may affect the patient. |